Mysterious Ketu in US national life

In the two Ketu planetary periods seen in the SAMVA USA chart, there have been major challenges in US national life. The first Ketu period ran from 1869 to 1876, resulting in a great social tension over reconstruction in the South. The second period ran from 1989 to 1996, resulting in a phenomenal geo-political shift for the USA, with the downfall of Soviet Communism. There were also major riots and natural disasters. The period influences are considered in view also of planetary transits and ever present natal influences in the horoscope.

In the Vedas, the Moon’s nodes, Rahu and Ketu, are described as the eternal enemies of the Sun and Moon, the major lights in the earthly sky. The nodes are seen to temporarily swallow up the Sun or Moon during eclipses.[1] Rahu is the ascending or north node while Ketu is the descending or south node. Ketu is linked to the lunar apogee, when the Moon is farthest in orbit from the Earth, which perhaps explains why Ketu is astrologically linked to the indications of isolation and separation. [2]

The astrological meaning of Ketu
According to the Systems' Approach the Ketu has the following meaning:

"Ketu is dry and fiery in nature. Its affliction causes wounds, inflammations, fevers, intestinal disorders, aberrations, low blood pressure, deafness, defective speech and gives emaciated body with prominent veins. It is personified as a saint and inclines a person more towards mystic science and spiritual pursuits."

Ketu can bring about sudden, explosive events. In mundane astrology, it is related to people who take a spiritual path or become isolated from others due to illness or other reasons. As Ketu has to do with separation, the house of its placement is important for explaining any fear complexes.

Ketu in the SAMVA USA chart
In the SAMVA USA chart, Ketu and Rahu both afflict the 4th house of communal harmony, fixed assets, education system and natural resources. This suggests plenty of problems in regard to those indications. The placement also indicates the separative influences undermining communal harmony through racial, ethnic, cultural, gender and income conflict in US history. Although courage is seen to be strong in the USA, due to the good placement and strength of Mars and Mercury, some fear complex would be expected concerning the 4th house indications such as social harmony, fixed assets, education and natural resources. Moreover, as 4th lord Venus is badly placed in the 6th house of conflict, communal peace could be upset by conflict or participation in wars. This placement is also suggestive of housing being tied to debts, with implications for the financial stability. In fact, during the present Venus major period, a major housing bubble has burst, causing a historic setback to financial stability and massive problems for the banking system. Interestingly, banking is ruled by Jupiter (expansion through credit), which happens to be 6th lord, and the Sun (the confidence in the financial system linked to the authority of the state). Sun also happens to be 2nd lord in this chart. The US after all is known for its wealth creating abilities, big banking system and the most prominent stock market in the world - all of which have seen periods of major setbacks in history, consistent with the afflictions to the houses indicated.
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First Ketu major period
From April 9, 1869 to April 9, 1876 the second Ketu major period ran in the SAMVA USA chart. During this period there were major changes in the domestic life, disasters and various setbacks to communal harmony. It is necessary to note that the events in the Mercury period, the preceding period in the SAMVA USA chart, have clearly laid the foundation for the Ketu period. The issues in the Mercury period relate to the rulership of this planet in the chart. Mercury is lord of the 3rd house of action and speech as well as transportation in the Cancer rising SAMVA USA chart. Mercury is also general indicator of analysis and communication. As it is placed in the 7th house of others and foreign policy, the issues during its period tend to see expression with regard to others and in the foreign policy arena. In the earlier Mercury period, which ran from 1853-1869, the focus was on the emancipation of the slaves, such that they would share in the constitutional freedoms of speech, belief and action. In this sense, it is not surprising that the American Civil War broke out during the Mercury period in the SAMVA USA chart. The period dealt with social impediments to action of a part of the populace. Many consider the Civil War the second American Revolution. “At its heart was the change in status of the nation’s four million slaves, their emancipation, “…elevation to civil and political equality with whites, and the destruction of the old ruling class in the South – all within the space of a half-dozen years”.[3]

Following the Civil War was an interesting period in US history termed the reconstruction era (1865-1877). This era was focused on the re-admission of the Confederate states into the Union. Moreover, the Unionists gave universal suffrage to the freed slaves with amendments to the US Constitution. The Unionists also enacted political changes in the South to enforce the new laws and in the wake of Lincoln’s murder by secessionists, they did so in a way as to punish the defeated secessionists. While the new laws resulted in major changes to Southern life, especially in the latter half of the 1860s, a gradual reaction developed in the white population of the South, including the rise of the Ku Klux Klan. In the 1870s, the situation was quickly changing with the readmission of the Southern states back into the Union. By 1873, the Unionists gave up enforcing the laws. While the laws remained on the books, they were no longer enforced. By 1877, the reconstruction era is considered to have ended, when Jim Crow laws were passed, which represented a clear setback to the blacks in the South. By the time, the twenty year Venus period rolled around on April 9, 1876, the gains in civil rights of blacks had been eroded and the communal harmony dealt a serious and painful setback. The painful change from the Mercury period (emancipation) to the Venus period (segregation), took place during the Ketu period (setback related to separation).

Reconstruction
In the history of the United States, the Reconstruction era has two definitions, the first in reference to the entire nation in the period 1865-1877 following the Civil War. The second, for this article, refers to the process of transforming the South starting during 1863 to 1877, with the reconstruction of state and society in the former Confederacy, as well as revising the Constitution with three amendments.

A month before the Ketu period began, on March 4, 1869, the war hero General Ulysses S. Grant was inaugurated as the 18th president. He was a strong opponent of slavery and for ensuring civil rights for the former slaves. Reconstruction refers to the period after the Civil War when the southern states were reintegrated into the Union. Immediately following the war, the southern states were in disarray. Not only were many towns and cities burned, looted and destroyed, but the southern states were still not part of the United States. Reconstruction aimed to integrate the southern states back into the Union while ensuring such states were ready to obey the new laws and measures resulting from the war. Many questions arose after the Civil War, and policies and bills passed during reconstruction aimed to answer them. The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 and 1868 divided ten confederate states into five military districts. Tens of thousands of U.S. soldiers were stationed in the south to ensure the tenets of reconstruction were honored. Virginia rejoined the Union on January 26, 1870. Military control of Mississippi ended and it was readmitted to the Union on February 23, 1870. Texas was readmitted to the Union on March 30, 1870. Georgia became the last former Confederate state to be readmitted to the Union on July 15, 1870, and the Confederate States of America were dissolved.

The period of Reconstruction transformed southern society and culture. In the latter half of the 1860s, the newly emancipated slaves in the South attempted “land reform”, in which former slaves sought to occupy and work the plantations of their former owners. The land reform failed as the whites thwarted the efforts during the Reconstruction period. The former slaves settled for sharecropping and tenancy arrangements on small plots of white-owned land, an outcome that insured black rural poverty in the Deep South for the next century.

After the Civil War, the federal government passed 3 major amendments to the United States Constitution specifically designed to protect the civil rights of black people. The 13th amendment prohibited slavery, the 14th gave due process to all citizens and the 15th amendment guaranteed African-Americans the right to vote. The Amendments were intended to restructure the United States from a country that was (in Abraham Lincoln's words) "half slave and half free" to one in which the constitutionally guaranteed "blessings of liberty" would be extended to the entire male populace, including the former slaves and their descendants. Although President Lincoln had called for a lenient plan in dealing with the southern states, Congress enacted a plan that required the former states to meet certain conditions such as acceptance of the aforementioned amendments. The 15th amendment was passed on February 3, 1870 and ratified on March 30, 1870. Thomas Mundy Peterson was the first African-American to vote in an election on March 31, 1870. Moreover, the Civil Rights Acts of 1866 and 1875 legalized interracial marriage, and provided black students with the opportunities to attend school. Furthermore, black people were given positions of political power in state senates. Black people became mayors, sheriffs, and judges.

Southern Reaction
The cultural transformation resulted in considerable racial tension. Secret and violent organizations, such as the Ku Klux Klan, began actively to oppose Reconstruction governments. The Ku Klux Klan was active in attempting to intimidate black people. While Congress had outlawed these societies and authorized the use of federal troops to protect the blacks' right to vote, the activities of the secret organizations, coupled with declining interest in the North in Reconstruction, led to the defeat of Radical governments in one state after another. By 1876 Radical regimes existed only in Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana.
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After 1877, when the government stopped enforcing civil rights, the southern white people in power, known as Redeemers, immediately sought to take away the civil rights of black people that had been granted by twisting the language of the new laws to subjugate black people. Such laws mandated racial discrimination and became known as Jim Crow Laws (named after a racist cartoon strip of a poor, uneducated black man). Jim Crow laws came in many forms.[5] The Jim Crow laws were state and local laws in the United States enacted from 1876 with the aim to promote racial segregation, especially after the federal government stopped enforcing the promotion of Civil Rights in the south. The laws mandated de jure racial segregation in all public facilities, with a supposedly "separate but equal" status for black Americans. In reality, this led to treatment and accommodations that were usually inferior to those provided for white Americans, systematizing a number of economic, educational and social disadvantages. In 1877 President Hayes withdrew federal troops from the South. Conservative whites regained control of their states, and Reconstruction came to an end.

Women’s equal rights
There were other areas that challenged the established order. On May 15, 1869, the Woman's suffrage movement was born in New York, when Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton form the National Woman's Suffrage Association. On December 10, 1869, the Wyoming territorial legislature gave women the right to vote, the first such law in the world. On February 12, 1870, women gained the right to vote in Utah Territory. In defiance of the laws of the time, American suffragist Susan B. Anthony voted for the first time in the 1872 Presidential election. On November 18 she was served an arrest warrant and in the subsequent trial she was fined $100, but she never paid the fine.

Indian wars
The rights of Indians continued to be violated and the so-called Indian wars broke out. The first Battle of the Indian Wars, at the Stronghold, was fought during the Modoc War on January 17, 1873. The Modoc War ends with the capture of Captain Jack on June 4, 1873.

Economy
There was a grave setback to the economy during the Ketu period, when the New York stock market crashed on September 18, 1873. This event triggered the Panic of 1873, a part of the Long Depression.

Natural calamities
There were several notable natural calamities during this period. In September, 1871, there was the Whaling Disaster, when 1,219 people abandon 33 whaling ships caught in the ice pack off the northern coast of Alaska. On October 8, 1871, four major fires broke out on the shores of Lake Michigan in Chicago, Illinois, Peshtigo, Wisconsin, Holland, Michigan, and Manistee, Michigan. The Great Chicago Fire was the most famous of these, leaving nearly 100,000 people homeless, although the Peshtigo Fire killed as many as 2,500 people, making it the deadliest fire in United States history. On March 26, 1872, the Lone Pine, California, earthquake, with an estimated magnitude of 7.2 struck, destroying most of the town, killing 27 of its 275 residents. On November 9, 1872, the Great Boston Fire broke out. The 2-day event destroyed about 65 acres (0.3 km²) of the city, 776 buildings, much of the financial district and caused US$60 million in damage.

The second Ketu major period
From April 9, 1989 to April 9, 1996 the second Ketu major period ran in the SAMVA USA chart. During this period there were wars, disasters and various setbacks to communal harmony. The US was dealing with issues in the wake of a major shift in the geo-political landscape with the fall of authoritarian rule in the Soviet Union.

Major geo-political shift
The impending collapse of Soviet Communism had reverberations around the world. On April 14, 1989, pro-democracy protests by students in Communist China broke out. The protests were put down with force on June 4, 1989 when the communist government sent armored battalions to Tiananmen Square resulting in an estimated 3,000 people being killed. Soviet Communism then proceeded to collapse in a symbolic event on November 9, 1989, when the Berlin Wall literally fell. The wall was a concrete barrier built in 1960 by the communist government of East Germany to enclose the city of West Berlin, to stop citizens from fleeing from the east to west. The fall of the Berlin Wall paved the way for German reunification, which was formally concluded on October 3, 1990. On February 7, 1990, the Soviet Communist Party gave up its monopoly on power. Six days later, a plan to reunite Germany was announced. On June 1, 1990, the US and Soviet Union signed a treaty to eliminate chemical weapons as a first step in normalizing relations. This event left the US in a vacuum as the world's only super-power. While they say it is lonely at the top, the US proceeded to exert its power as the leader and policeman of the free-world.

Persian Gulf War
The Gulf War, commonly known as Desert Storm, was a conflict initiated with United Nations authorization, by a coalition force from 34 nations against Iraq, with the expressed purpose of expelling Iraqi forces from Kuwait after its invasion and annexation on 2 August 1990. On November 29, the United Nations passed a resolution stating that Iraq must withdraw its forces from Kuwait by January 15, 1991 or face military intervention. On January 17, 1991, Operation Desert Storm begins with powerful precision air strikes against Iraq forces. The war was accompanied by new and powerful computer guided bombs as well as advances in communication technologies that allowed the war to be broadcast in real time around the world. The Gulf War ended on February 27, 1991 after Iraq withdrew its forces from Kuwait but also set the oil fields on fire. On April 3, the United Nations Security Council passes Resolution 687, calling for the destruction and removal of the entire Iraqi chemical and biological weapons stockpile.

Foreign trade opened up
The US also joined hands with Canada and Mexico to increase their economic integration. On January 1, 1994, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) went into effect, creating a free trade zone between Canada, the United States, and Mexico. Many, including Presidential candidate Ross Perot, worried about a “huge sucking sound” when US jobs disappeared to Mexico. On January 1, 1995, the World Trade Organization (WTO) is created, aimed at improving conditions for international trade around the globe. On January 31, 1995, U.S. President Bill Clinton invoked emergency powers to extend a $20 trillion loan to Mexico to avert a financial disaster that had begun on December 19, 1994 during a planned exchange rate correction between the Mexican peso and American dollar. In the chart, both Ketu and Rahu aspect the 10th house ruling foreign trade.

Economy
Economic growth remained fragile and volatile in the early 1990s, with problems in the savings & Loan industry and banking in general, undercutting confidence. Hopes of recovery proved illusory and economic malaise was associated with the Gulf War and the resulting 1990 spike in the price of oil, which increased inflation. For several years, high unemployment, massive government budgetary deficits, and slow Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth affected life in the United States.

Domestic unrest
The presence of domestic unrest was especially pronounced during this period. The Los Angeles Riots (see photo at top), were sparked on April 29, 1992 when a jury acquitted four Los Angeles Police Department officers accused in the videotaped beating of African-American Rodney King following a high-speed pursuit. Thousands of people in the Los Angeles area rioted over the six days following the verdict. At that time, similar riots and anti-police actions took place all over the United States and Canada. Widespread looting, assault, arson and murder occurred, and property damages topped roughly US$1 billion. In all, 53 people died during the riots and thousands more were injured. On August 17, 1992, the Siege of Ruby Ridge is begun by United States Marshalls, lasting ten days.

There were other disturbances, including on February 26, 1993, when the first bombing of the World Trade Center by Islamic terrorists took place. A van parked below the North Tower of the structure exploded, killing six people and injured over one thousand.

The Waco stand-off and fire involved US law enforcement forces making demands of a religious sect on February 28, 1993. The stand-off lasted for fifty-one days and ended in a violent raid on April 19, with four agents and five members of the cult being killed. The Davidians then started a fire at the compound killing seventy-five members of the group, including the leader.
The Oklahoma City bombing took place on April 19, 1995, on the two year anniversary of the Waco disaster, when Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols exploded a bomb outside the Murrah Federal Building, killing one hundred and sixty-eight people in a domestic terrorism attack.

On June 12, 1994, the O.J. Simpson murder case began with the discovery of the bodies of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman outside her home in Los Angeles, California. Five days later, her husband, former football star O.J. Simpson is arrested for the crime, but is later acquitted on October 3, 1995. The Simpson case was one of the highest profile murder cases in the nation's history.

In November 1995, the seeds of the Lewinsky scandal were sown, with President Clinton beginning an affair with Monica Lewinsky that would almost topple his presidency.

Natural disasters
At the outset of the Ketu major period, the Exxon Valdez oil spill occurred in the Prince William Sound, Alaska, on March 23, 1989. It is considered one of the most devastating human-caused environmental disasters ever to occur at sea. The Loma Prieta earthquake struck at 5:04 p.m. (PDT) on October 17, 1989 in the San Francisco Bay Area of California. It was caused by a slip along the San Andreas Fault. The earthquake, which lasted 10–15 seconds and measured 7.0 on the Richter Scale, killed 63 people throughout northern California, injured 3,757 and left some 3,000-12,000 people homeless. The Oakland Firestorm of 1991 was a large urban fire that occurred on the hillsides of northern Oakland, California and southeastern Berkeley on Sunday October 20, 1991. The fire killed 25 people and injured 150 others. The 1,520 acres (6.2 km²) destroyed included 3,354 single-family dwellings and 437 apartment and condominium units. The economic loss has been estimated at $1.5 billion. The Northridge earthquake occurred at 4:31 am (PST) on January 17, 1994 in Reseda, a neighborhood in the city of Los Angeles, California, lasting for about 20 seconds. The earthquake had a "strong" moment magnitude of 6.7, but the ground acceleration was one of the highest ever instrumentally recorded in an urban area in North America. Seventy-two deaths were attributed to the earthquake, with over 9,000 injured. In addition, the earthquake caused an estimated $20 billion in damage, making it one of the costliest natural disasters in U.S. history.

Conclusion
The events in US national life during the two major planetary periods of Ketu in the SAMVA USA chart, conform to the natal potential seen with regard to its placement. It is a planet that is afflicting in the chart. As such it suggests problems of separation and challenges for communal harmony as well as sudden, explosive events. During both Ketu periods, separated by 120 years, there were developments that conform to the basic nature of this planet, although the expression was different, depending on the issues being worked on in the preceding Mercury period as well as the unique transits at each time (which go beyond the scope of the present article, but have earlier been described in relation to individual significant historical events during either period). In the former period, the US was dealing with freeing the slaves while in the latter the US was working on the spread of freedom around the world. In the subsequent Venus period, there were continued problems with regard to the issues seen in the Ketu periods, as Ketu and Venus are linked in the chart. By the time the Sun major period rolls around (1896 and 2016), such problems become less important in the national affairs, being replaced by a new sense of vitality.

References
[1] Truth about eclipses
http://cosmologer.blogspot.com/2008/08/truth-about-eclipses.html
[2] Lunar Nodes and Eclipses
http://www.esotericteaching.org/jyotish/the-vedic-calendar/410-lunar-nodes-and-eclipses
and Wei-xing, Niu (2003). “An inquiry into the astronomical meaning of Rahu and Ketu.” Shanghai Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai. Elsevier Science B.V.
[3] Web resource on the Civil War
http://wigwags.wordpress.com/page/6/?ref=Sex%C5%9Ehop.Com
[4] Reconstruction era of the United States
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction_era_of_the_United_States and http://www.mrnussbaum.com/history/reconstruction.htm
[5] Jim Crow laws
http://www.mrnussbaum.com/jimcrow.htm
[6] Southern reaction to Reconstruction
http://history.howstuffworks.com/american-civil-war/reconstruction.htm

Super Moon and the Lunar Nodes

On the morning of January 30, 2010, the Moon will be full while it it is also at its perigee point, when it is nearest to the Earth, a so-called Super Moon. The Moon will appear larger than normal. As such, the combination may have a somewhat more pronounced geological, tidal and societal influences than usual, although this depends critically on linkages to the natal charts of nations and individuals.

On January 30, 2010, the Moon will be at 16° Cancer in the sidereal zodiac while the Sun will be at 16° Capricorn. The Moon is very strong in the sign Cancer and both Sun and Moon are strong in the middle of a sign. When planets are strong, they are considered less harmful. That said, the Moon will be closely conjunct Mars while the Sun will be conjunct Venus. Both Mars and Venus are weak, as Mars is debilitated in Cancer and Venus is combust the Sun. Importantly, as neither the Sun nor Moon will be conjunct the nodal axis at the time, there is far less strain than would otherwise be the case. In other words, no eclipse takes place at the time of the Full Moon when it is at its nearest point to the Earth. That said, an annular (smaller) eclipse took place on January 15, 2010, when the Moon was at apogee, or at the orbital point when it is furthest away from the Earth.

Astronomy of the Moon and lunar nodes
The astronomy of the Moon and the lunar nodes, Rahu and Ketu, is intimately linked. The lunar nodes trace out the point in the moon's orbit that crosses the Sun's orbit, the ecliptic.[1] These invisible calculated points, which are 180° appart, move in retrograde motion through the sky, at an average speed of 19° 20' per year with reference to the zodiac. The nodes pass through each zodical sign in just under 19 months, or one year and seven months, although this is slightly variable, given the elliptic orbit of the Moon, which gives rise to stationary periods of the true nodes at intervals of around 3 months, with the nodes coming to near stop every 9° or thereabouts. Rahu passes from 30° Sagittarius on November 3, 2009 to 30° Scorpio on May 4, 2011. It takes the nodes just under 19 years to complete the full zodical circumference. For instance, Ketu moves from 30° Virgo on February 23, 2005 and will return to this point on November 29, 2023.

The Moon's orbit around the Earth is inclined just over 5° with regard to the ecliptic and is elliptical. At one end of its elliptic path it makes its closest approach to the Earth at 356,410 km (221,473 miles), known as perigee. At the other end it reaches its greatest separation at 406,697 km (252,722 miles), called the apogee. Seen from the earth, the Moon appears 10-12% larger during perigee compared to the apogee! The period between successive perigees (or apogees) is called the anomalistic month, equal to 27.56 days. The Moon's motion is seen to be faster during its perigee and slower during the apogee.

Rahu is the ascending or north node while Ketu is the descending or south node. As Rahu is linked to the lunar perigee, or the point in the lunar orbit when the Moon is closest to the earth, Ketu is related to the lunar apogee when the Moon is farthest away from the Earth. When the Moon is near the Perigee it is more than one tenth times as large in the sky as it is when it is at the apogee point.[2]

The link below opens a handy calculator for the times of the Moon's perigee and apogee as well as the new and full Moon.
http://www.fourmilab.ch/earthview/pacalc.html

Importance of the nodes
The astological influence of the Moon and the Moon's nodes are very different. This is linked to the Moon and the nodes being mythological enemies! Indeed, the Moon, like the Sun is a major light and source of life, while the Moon's nodes are shadowy planets that bring out the karma, or lessons of life. The importance of the lunar nodes derives from them being ancient astronomical devices to calculate the solar and lunar eclipses. The mythology of the nodes as enemies of the Sun and Moon, the major lights of the earthly sky, has to do with them swallowing up the Sun or Moon during eclipses. Eclipses occur when the Sun or Moon pass over the nodal axis. At those time, the Sun and Moon line up in relation to the earth, increasing the gravitational pull which historically has been associated with tidal and geoseizmic events. Additionally, the full Moon is often linked to emotional imbalances. Some argue that as the human body is two thirds water it is also influenced by the extremes of gravitational forces, affecting also the mind.

Astrology of Rahu and Ketu
According to the Systems' Approach the the Moon's nodes have the following meaning:

"Rahu is personified as a diplomat and a shadowy planet and a legendary deceptor when disposed beneficially. Indicates diplomatic jobs, jobs requiring manipulations with facts, deals in poisons and drugs. It signifies cheats, pleasure seekers, insincere and immoral acts, etc. It is phlegmatic in nature and gives malignant growth. When afflicting, causes malignant growth, disease of phlegm, intestines, boils, skin, ulcers, spleen, worms, high blood pressure, etc. It gives smoky and unpleasant appearance due to habits of overeating, resulting in foul smells and unclean body and nails." Rahu is related to crisis due to manipulation. In mundane astrology, Rahu rules over diplomats, salesmen (along with Mercury) and winemakers, etc.

"Ketu is dry and fiery in nature. Its affliction causes wounds, inflammations, fevers, intestinal disorders, aberrations, low blood pressure, deafness, defective speech and gives emaciated body with prominent veins. It is personified as a saint and inclines a person more towards mystic science and spiritual pursuits." Ketu can bring about sudden, explosive events. In mundane astrology, it is related to spiritual people and people that become isolated from others, for a number of reasons. This last element seems to resonate with Ketu being linked to the apogee and thus being associated with the Moon when it is furthest from the Earth.

The Sun and Moon
"The Sun is the king in the planetary cabinet. It is the source of light and life. It signifies father, which is the source for bringing into existence and supporting a new born in life…The Sun is a male planet…Its nature is royal, benevolent and cruel and its temperament is fixed and steady." [3] In mundane astrology Sun signifies the leader of a country and the authority of the state.

"The Moon is the queen in the planetary cabinet. Next to the Sun, the role of the Moon is very important as it signifies mother. The mother brings up the child and is the first preceptor of the child. That is why the Moon signifies mind also…The Moon is a female planet. In mundane astrology, the Moon represents the administrator, masses, natural resources."

Astrology of the New and Full Moon
The Moon is considered to be strongest when it is full, or opposite from the Sun when seen from the Earth. It is considered strong when it is more than 72° away from the Sun. When closer to the Sun than that it has less light and is considered to have less strength. When the Moon is new it is in line with Sun on the same side of the Earth and hence its tidal influence could be greater, especially when perigee. Some scientists consider this influence potentially important for geoseismic activity.[4]

Possible influences
There are no major events seen in the SAMVA USA chart linked to this full Moon. However, as the nodes are presently stationary afflicting natal Venus, the 4th lord in the chart, which rules fixed assets and natural resource, geoseizmic activity cannot be excluded at such a time.

A repeat in 2011
A repeat of the Full Moon - Perigee configuration will occur on March 19, 2011 with the Moon at 5° Virgo and Sun at 5° Pisces. However, no planets will be closely conjunct the major lights at that time.

Reference
[1] Lunar Nodes and Eclipses
http://www.esotericteaching.org/jyotish/the-vedic-calendar/410-lunar-nodes-and-eclipses
[2] Wei-xing, Niu (2003). “An inquiry into the astronomical meaning of Rahu and Ketu.” Shanghai Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai. Elsevier Science B.V.
[3] The Systems' Approach by V. K. Choudhry
http://www.yournetastrologer.com/
[4]John P. Bagby (1973), "Further evidence of tidal influence on earthquake incidence."
http://www.springerlink.com/content/k243r733v0222555/ and G. Cevolani and G. Bortolotti (1987) "On a possible seasonal tidal influence of lunar cycles on precipitation data." http://www.springerlink.com/content/y863434183201m87/

The coming Jupiter-Saturn opposition

When contemplating what influences specific transit aspects are likely to have on mundane affairs in the future, it is often best to turn to history. Indeed, history is often a very helpful guide to what may unfold given certain transits. That said, account must be taken of other astrological factors. This article explores the likely influence of the mutual aspect between Jupiter and Saturn in the summer of 2010, based on a study of similar aspects in the past.

During the past one hundred years, Jupiter and Saturn have made a number of conjunction and opposition aspects. Sometimes, the aspect is long standing and at other times is lasts for only a short time. In vedic astrology, it is well understood that the longer an aspect lasts the more likely it is to have a pronounced influence, for better or worse, based on its functional indications. When these planets become functional benefics, such as for Scorpios, the aspect promises much peace and enjoyment. For signs for which these planets become functional malefics, like Cancer, the aspect can cause strain or a setback. This is especially relevant in the case of the USA, as Jupiter and Saturn become 6th and 8th lords, respectively, in the 20° Cancer rising SAMVA USA chart. When in aspect, the result tends to be some form of violent event that carries with it national significance.

Early 1940s conjunction
From June 1940 to April 1941, when Saturn was debilitated in Aries, these planets were conjunct in a slow moving aspect, while also being conjunct natal Rahu in Aries and the 10th house of the SAMVA USA chart. The aspect took place during the Jupiter-Saturn period in the chart. During this difficult period and transits World War II broke out and the USA watched as Nazi Germany overran and controlled much of Europe while Japan lorded over much of Far East Asia and the Pacific Ocean.

The U-boat assault on shipping in the Atlantic Ocean was almost uncontested from June 1940 to the spring of 1941, sinking over 2 ½ million tons of shipping in the second half of 1940 alone. While the USA began preparations for war and supplied the British with armaments, it must have been a trying time to watch the fascist dictatorships spread their tentacles over formerly peaceful democracies and begin to convert them to fascist dogma. On March 1, 1941, the Nazi’s concentration camps went into full operation, with the secret purpose to systematically exterminate a race of people, the Jews.

Early 1980s conjunction
During the more benign Mercury - Mars period in the SAMVA USA chart, this aspect was again slow moving, from October 20, 1980 to September 23, 1981. Jupiter and Saturn, which are first rate malefics in the SAMVA USA chart and thus likely to cause harm when afflicting each other, were in a slow moving conjunction in the sign of Virgo. Saturn or Jupiter are likely also FMs in a number of other known or unknown mundane charts. This long standing conjunction was associated with a number of assassination attempts, many successful, in the USA and elsewhere in the world. It is interesting that Jupiterian personalities were targeted. One was a humanitarian activist fighting for peace, another was an optimistic leader and the third was a religious leader.

Conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn
October 20, 1980 – September 24, 1981: slow moving conjunction
Exact on January 1, 1981 at 15° 54’ Virgo
Exact on March 5, 1981 at 14° 47’ Virgo
Exact on July 24, 1981 at 11° 20’ Virgo
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There were a number of other assassinations or assassination attempts associated with this aspect:
USA: John Lennon, Singer, songwriter and political activits, is assassinated on December 8, 1980. The killer is a deranged man.
ISRAEL: Sheikh Hamad Abu Rabia, Member of the Knesset is assassinated on 12 January 1981
NORTHERN IRELAND: Sir Norman Stronge, aristocrat and politician and Sir James Stronge, 9th Baronet, aristocrat and politician are assassinated on 21 January 1981
USA: Ronald Reagan, President, is shot on March 30, 1981 but survives. The shooter is a deranged man.
ITALY: Pope John Paul II, is shot on May 13, 1981 but survives. The shooter is a deranged man.
IRAN: Mohammad Beheshti, Secretary-general of the Islamic Republic Party, and the head of the Islamic Republic's judicial system is killed along with 71 others in bombing on June 28, 1981.
IRAN: Mohammad Ali Rajai, president, and Mohammad Javad Bahonar, Prime Minister, are killed in bombing on August 30, 1981
BANGLADESH: Ziaur Rahman, President, is assassinated on May 30, 1981.
EGYPT: Anwar Sadat, President, is shot and killed while reviewing military parade on October 6, 1981. The plot was hatched much earlier, while the conjunction was active.[1]

Mid 2010s opposition
These planetary bodies will again be in a long standing contact, an opposition aspect, with Jupiter in Pisces and Saturn in Virgo from April 30, 2010 to September 9, 2010. We could note that Saturn and Jupiter will both closely aspect natal Jupiter in the SAMVA USA chart when the aspect becomes exact on May 23, 2010.

Opposition of Jupiter and Saturn
April 30, 2010 - September 9, 2010: slow moving opposition
Exact on May 23, 2010 at 3° 52’ Pisces and Virgo
Exact on August 17, 2010 at 8° 27’ Pisces and Virgo

With regard to the placements on May 23, 2010, we could also note that there is a similar configuration that took place on September 10, 1921.

Conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn
July 16, 1921 – November 4, 1921: slow moving conjunction
Exact on September 10, 1921 at 3° 48’ Virgo

These are some of the events that took place that year.
GERMANY: Matthias Erzberger, politician, was assassinated on 26 August 1921
USA: The Battle of Blair Mountain was the largest organized armed uprising in American labor history and led almost directly to the labor laws currently in effect in the USA. For nearly a week in late August and early September 1921, in Logan County, West Virginia, between 10,000 and 15,000 coal miners confronted company-paid private detectives in an effort to unionize the southwestern West Virginia mine counties. Unionization had succeeded elsewhere as part of a demographic boom that was triggered by the extension of the railroad and was characterized by unprecedented immigrant hiring in the region.
JAPAN: Prime Minister Hara was assassinated on November 4, 1921.

The Battle of Blair Mountain took place as both 6th lord Jupiter and 8th lord Saturn were conjunct in Virgo and the 3rd house, with Saturn closely afflicting both natal and transit Jupiter. As Jupiter is the 6th lord, it has to do with work and and work arrangements. Saturn is also the indicator of working people and Jupiter was afflicting it. There was thus a huge conflict over the right of workers in the Saturnian coal mining industry to unionise. The conjunction took place in the 3rd house and the battle involved the freedom to act.

Interestingly, it could also be mentioned in relation to this labour strife that during the 1981 conjunction, on August 5 to be exact, US President Reagan fired over eleven thousand striking PATCO air traffic controllers. Mercury - Mars period was operating in the SAMVA USA chart. Transit Saturn as 8th lord (endings) was at 12° Virgo and 3rd house (communication), where it also aspected natal Mars (control) in the 5th house (management), while transit Jupiter, as 6th lord (conflict), was at 13° Virgo, where it aspected natal Mercury as 3rd lord (communication) in the 7th house (travel). The nodes also afflicted natal Mars and Mercury. Certainly, this was another key event in US labour history during the 20th century.

Conclusion
In May 2010, Jupiter in Pisces and the 9th house will be in a mutually afflicting opposition aspect to the most malefic planet Saturn in Virgo and the 3rd house of the SAMVA USA chart. Both transiting planets will, at the same time, be in an afflicting aspect to natal Jupiter. As the Saturn sub-period will be operating in the chart, some obstructions to the indications of both Jupiter and Saturn are likely. Some violent events cannot be excluded. As Jupiter is placed in the 9th house, perhaps some challenge from abroad will emerge. As Saturn will be stationary in aspect to natal Jupiter, there will likely be a strain over obstacles and endings to the indications of Jupiter, such as conflict and lack of communal harmony. That said, the opposition aspect of Jupiter and Saturn in 2010 will not be as long lasting as the conjunction was in 1980/81. However, increasing the problems in the summer of 2010, is the aspect of transit stationary nodes in the 6th and 12th houses to their natal placements. As discussed in the article Predictions for the USA in 2010, it will likely be a difficult summer.

References
[1] Islamic militant cells and Sadat's assassination
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0PBZ/is_4_84/ai_n6175932/

Jupiter and World War II

One of the amazing things about the SAMVA USA chart (Perpetual Union) is how well the planetary periods explain the trends and events in the nation's history. This article offers a glimpse into the major trends and events of the national life from 1937 to 1953, when the planetary period of Jupiter was operating. This is the time when the USA was dragged into World War II and later took a leading role in the Cold War with the Soviet Union and China. A review of what transpired during this sixteen year period reveals an uncanny fit with the astrology of the horoscope. In fact, the correspondence is simply amazing.
Normally, we do not associate the planet Jupiter with war as the general indications of Jupiter are linked to expansion, bigness (larger than life), joy, humour, freedom, purification, fortune, benevolence, spirituality, religion and wisdom. Jupiter also rules over banking, the judiciary and magnanimous or impressive personalities. In the Cancer rising SAMVA USA chart, however, as the Moolatrikona sign of Jupiter, Sagittarius, falls in the 6th house, Jupiter becomes the 6th lord and a link to war is established. This is because the 6th lord carries the functional indications of conflict, opposition, enmity, health, financial stability (ability to pay off debts) and the court system. The 6th lord, when influencing in a chart, can give a fixity of views or an adamant disposition, resulting in conflict or adversity. In the SAMVA USA chart, Jupiter at 4° 25' Scorpio and the 5th house is well placed in the house of creativity, entertainment, showbiz, romance, management, speculation and children, teenagers and young people. So, we would expect some of Jupiter's indications to find expression in this house. There is more as Jupiter is natally in opposition aspect with the Moon, as 1st lord of self, at 7° 19' Taurus and the 11th houses of ideals. This gives the USA fixity of views to the extent that it rarely backs down from a challenge, especially where its sense of self and ideals are involved. This is an important feature of the chart. The USA has historically been intimately involved in the world, often times engaged in conflict over its ideals, such as liberty and freedom. The latter includes free enterprise as the 11th house rules income.
Jupiter as 6th lord: WW II
The US was involved with major conflicts from the beginning of the period with World War II and to its end with the Korean War. This fits as Jupiter is 6th lord of conflict. The US literally began to truly encircle the world during this period, linked to the expansiveness of Jupiter. World War II is considered the last 'just' war and perhaps the finest hour of the USA in its role to help create a better world. The Cold War turned more threatening, especially during the subsequent Saturn period. At home, technology advanced in the Jupiter period. Radio and cinema became lifelines for Americans as mediums for news, music and entertainment. The government also relied heavily on them for propaganda purposes.

How the US entered World War II is in itself an amazing drama that fits the period to a "t". When the Jupiter period began in April 1937, the winds of war had begun to blow in Europe and Asia. In itself, this change in the geo-political circumstances of the USA right as the Jupiter period began should be considered a signal development. The Spanish Civil War broke out in July 1936. This war has been referred to as a dress rehearsal for World War II, as it was a push of the fascist Franco to take control of Spain after the devastation of the Great Depression of the 1930s. In July 1937, the second Sino-Japanese war broke out in China. The Japanese culture had become militarised in the 1930s and became aggressive to secure access to more resources, including in Korea, Manchuria and China. The Japanese generals set about to wrest control of resource rich areas in the Pacific through the might of arms. As if that was not enough, Hitler's Third Reich absorbed Austria in April 1938 and Czech Sudetenland in September 1938. Nevertheless, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the US Congress decided to stay neutral. In fact, the US has been considered to have turned temporarily isolationist following World War I. However, the US stayed true to its colors -- with the sign Cancer rising in the natal chart and the rising degree being aspected by the powerful Sun -- and supported financially and logistically the European democracies that suddenly found themselves fighting for their very existence. It was only after Japan attacked the Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 that the US declared war on Japan. The attack literally forced the US to enter the Pacific theatre. A few days later, Hitler declared war on the USA, forcing the US also to get involved in the prosecution of Europe's war. Up to this point, the US was protecting shipping lanes in the Atlantic and providing munitions to the UK.

War production quickly pulled the country out of the remaining funk of the Great Depression. The US began to make big and powerful ships, planes, tanks and artillery. This includeed the fearsome atomic bomb which laid Hiroshima to waste, euphemistically referred to as "Little Boy". Another example of the bigness of the war projects during the Jupiter period was the huge Hercules cargo aircraft built by Howard Hughes. It was developed during the final years of the war and flew only once, on November 2, 1947. Another feature of the plane is revealing. It was nicknamed the "Spruce Goose" due to the restriction to build it out of non-essential materials, like wood. Scrap drives were implemented for steel, tin, paper and rubber. A feature of the war was the improved utilisation of all things, including rationing of food, clothes and toys, which began in 1943. Automobile production for domestic or household purposes ceased in 1942. Such efforts are very much in line with Jupiter as 6th lord of financial stability. The measures were aimed at improving the financial wherewithall of the country, allowing it to produce the necessary implements of war.

In the war production, women were needed to replace men who had gone off to war, and so the first great exodus of women from the home to the workplace began. Jupiter rules the 6th house, traditionally associated with work, where Venus is placed in the SAMVA USA chart.

WW II ended in 1945 and the USA then began to help itself and other countries to rebuild after the war. In this way, the USA demonstrated its caring character as a country with Cancer rising. There were also many impressive Jupiter type personalities on the scene, including President Roosevelt, Walt Disney and the generals Dwight Eisenhover, Douglas MacArthur and George Patton. As the Soviet Union and China were also victors of the war, and their ideals of totalitarian communism were diametrically opposed to those of the USA, the USA was soon again pulled into a "cold" war. The first expression of this war was the break out of hostilities on the Korean peninsula in June 1950, the Korean War. As the Jupiter period ended, the stage had been set for the "Cold War" of the Saturn period where the main adversaries, which had developed weapons of mass destruction, eschewed direct conflict. Instead, the emphasis shifted to behind-the-scenes machinations, proxy wars and the threat of mutually assured destruction. The last element being consistent with Saturn being 8th lord of death in the chart.

Jupiter in 5th house: Hollywood
There were also signal developments seen in the US entertainment sector at the start of the Jupiter period. This fits as Jupiter is placed in the 5th house of entertainment. From the late 1930s the movie industry was run by powerful studios with their own set of "big" movie stars. The forties are generally considered the heyday of US cinema; termed the ‘Golden Age of Hollywood.’ If we had to pick a film that portrays the rise of the Hollywood movie industry it would have to be Hotel Hollywood in 1937, which featured the exuberant hit song Hooray for Hollywood.

The Jupiter period gave rise to big bands in ballrooms and cinema. Interestingly, as the period advanced, a 'conflict' developed between the studios and its big stars, who wanted more artistic freedoms. Famous singers also left the big bands that made them famous to capitalize on their stardom, including Bing Crosby, Frank Sinatra, Dinah Shore, Kate Smith and Perry Como. The golden age of Walt Disney's fantasy animated classics took place.[2] Teenagers became a recognized force in the forties, with Jupiter being an indicator for young people placed in the 5th house. With the men off to war, teenagers - boys and girls - found employment readily available, and so had money to spend. Distinctly black sounds characterized Be-Bop and Rhythm and Blues, toward the end of the decade. In popular dancing, the Jitterbug made its appearance at the beginning of the decade. It was the first dance in two centuries that allowed individual expression, which is not surprising given that Jupiter is a planet of freedom and is placed in the 5th house of creativity.

Sub-periods within the Jupiter major period
Let us now look more closely at the sub-periods during the major period of Jupiter, to get a better idea of the shorter term trends within the longer trend. The notable events are from the web page America's best history[1].

The JUPITER sub-period lasted from April 9, 1937 to May 28, 1939. This period was the zenith of the Golden age of Hollywood, including Gone With The Wind in 1939.[2] War rumblings were heard around the world. Hitler revealed war plans during Hossbach Conference on November 5, 1937. Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass, took place on November 9, 1938. On Jan 30, 1939, Hitler gave a speech in the Reichstag where he openly threatened the Jews. European artists and intellectuals fled Nazi Germany during the 1930s, bringing with them new ideas which had a profound effect on American intellectuals and artists. Many important literary works were conceived during, reflecting the horrors of the war. Art became abstract to show raw emotions. The fantasy world of animation took flight during the Jupiter period, with the first Superman comic published in June 1938. The hero of the story emphasised the strength and good nature of Jupiter.

Walt Disney premiered Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs at the Carthay Circle Theater on December 21, 1937; at the conclusion of the film, the audience gave Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs a standing ovation. The success of Snow White ushered in a period that would later be known as the Golden Age of Animation for Disney. The feature animation staff, having just completed Pinocchio, continued work on Fantasia and Bambi while the shorts staff continued work on the Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, Goofy, and Pluto cartoon series. In October 1941, Dumbo was released. Such cartoons exhibited the cheerful and expansive spirit of Jupiter.

"The War of the Worlds" episode was aired on American radio and became famous for giving an overly realistic portrayal of alien invasion. It was performed as a Halloween episode of the series at 8:00 pm EST, on October 30, 1938, at 485 Madison Avenue, New York. The show aired over the Columbia Broadcasting System radio network and was directed and narrated by Orson Welles. The episode was an adaptation of H. G. Wells' famous novel The War of the Worlds.[3] The first two thirds of the 60-minute broadcast was presented as a series of simulated news bulletins, which suggested to many listeners that an actual Martian invasion was in progress. Compounding the issue was the fact that the Mercury Theatre on the Air was a 'sustainin show' (it ran without commercial breaks), thus adding to the dramatic effect. Although there were sensationalist accounts in the press about a supposed panic in response to the broadcast, the precise extent of listener response has been debated. In the days following the adaptation, however, there was widespread outrage. The program's news-bulletin format was decried as cruelly deceptive by some newspapers and public figures, leading to an outcry against the perpetrators of the broadcast, but the episode launched Orson Welles to fame.[4]

The astrology of this event is compelling. The period lord, Jupiter, is placed in the 5th house of entertainment, where it can create controversy as 6th lord of conflict. The main transits at work were those of Ketu, which rules sudden strange events, aspecting natal Venus as 4th lord of communal harmony and the conjunction of transit Mercury as 3rd of communication with transit Rahu, the lord of deception. Transit Saturn as 8th lord of obstacles was afflicting the 3rd house of communication. Several positive aspects were also at play, explaining the dynamism of the play and its effectiveness in having a national impact.

Notable events during the Jupiter sub-periodMay 6, 1937 - The Hindenburg disaster took place, when the German airship Hindenburg bursts into flames while mooring at Lakehurst, New Jersey. The fire consumes the largest airship in the world, 804 feet long, within one minute, causing the death of thirty-six people. The disaster served to shatter public confidence in giant, hydrogen filled passenger-carrying airships, marking the end of the airship era. Jupiter has to do with anything "big".
May 27, 1937 - The Golden Gate Bridge opened to pedestrian traffic and one day later, after a ceremonial press of a button from Washington, D.C. by President Roosevelt, it received its first vehicles. It created a vital link between San Francisco and Marin County. The Golden Gate Bridge is truly big and impressive!July 2, 1937 - American woman aviator and explorer Amelia Earhart vanishes somewhere over the central Pacific Ocean, likely near Howland Island.
July 7, 1937 - The Second Sino-Japanese War began on, when Japan invaded China. This was the largest Asian war in the twentieth century, making up more than 50% of the casualties in the Pacific War. The war only ended with the surrender of Japan to the USA on September 9, 1945.
August 14, 1937 -The Appalachian Trail, extending two thousand miles from Mount Katahdin, Maine to Springer Mountain, Georgia is completed.October 30, 1938 - a nationwide scare develops when Orson Welles broadcasts his War of the Worlds radio drama, which included fake news bulletins stating that a Martian invasion had begun on earth. The power of radio entertainment at its zenith!
September 30, 1938 - The phrase "peace for our time" was spoken on by British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain concerning the Munich Agreement, which gave the Sudetenland of Czechoslovakia to Adolf Hitler in an attempt to satisfy his desire for Lebensraum ("living space") for Germany. Less than a year after the agreement, Germany invaded Poland and Europe was plunged into World War II.
January 5, 1939 - President Franklin D. Roosevelt asks the U.S. Congress for a defense budget hike.April 30, 1939 - The New York World's Fair opened for a two year run on , proving to the American public that prosperity and good times could lie ahead after the decade of depression.
The SATURN sub-period from May 28, 1939 to December 9, 1941. Saturn is 8th lord of obstacles and endings but also easy gains. It is placed in the 5th house of creativity and management. Saturn casts a difficult aspect to the Sun as 2nd lord of wealth and status but also the President. The Nazis and Soviets sign a Pact on August 23, 1939, followed by the German invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939. Britain, France, Australia and New Zealand declare war on Germany on September 3. Russia invades Poland on September 19, 1939. Leon Trotsky, a political refugee in Mexico, is assassinated by a Soviet spy. The Jeep is created for the military, with production starting in 1940. The term arises from GP, short for general purpose vehicle, which opens up off-road travel possibilities (expansive Jupiter!). The Manhattan Project begins, where the US sets about to develop an atomic bomb. The construction of the huge monument at Mount Rushmore is completed. Japan attacks Pearl Harbor on December 6, 1941. The United States ends its neutrality and enters the war on the last day of the period.

Notable events during the Saturn sub-periodAugust 2, 1939 - Albert Einstein alerts Franklin D. Roosevelt to an A-bomb opportunity, which led to the creation of the Manhattan Project. Einstein had arrived as a fugitive from Nazi Germany six years earlier on October 17, 1933.
September 5, 1939 - The United States declares its neutrality in the European war after Germany invaded Poland, effectively beginning World War II after a year of European attempts to appease Hitler and the aims of expansionist Nazi Germany.
June 3, 1940 - The United States government approves a sale of surplus war material to Great Britain.
June 14, 1940 - On the same day Paris fell to the German army and Auschwitz received its first Polish prisoners, the Naval Expansion Act is signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, increasing the capacity of the U.S. Navy by 11%. Four days earlier, Roosevelt had condemned the actions of Italy's declaration of war against France and the United Kingdom.
September 2, 1940 - The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the most visited park in the National Park Service today, is officially dedicated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The park, whose land had been acquired, in part, by John D. Rockefeller, Jr. with a $5 million contribution, straddles the North Carolina and Tennessee state lines.
September 14, 1940 - The U.S. Congress approves the first peacetime conscription draft.
November 5, 1940 - President Franklin D. Roosevelt continues his dominance of presidential politics with a 449 to 82 Electoral College victory over Republican candidate Wendell Wilkie, winning his third presidential election. Roosevelt becomes the first man to hold office for three terms.
March 11, 1941 - The George Washington Carver Museum is dedicated at the Tuskegee Institute with the participation of such luminaries as Henry Ford. The museum is now part of the Tuskegee Institute National Historic Site.
March 11, 1941 - The Lend-Lease Act is approved, which provided $7 billion in military credits for American manufactured war supplies to Great Britain and other allies; in the fall, a similar Lend-Lease pact would be approved for the USSR with $1 billion loan.
July 7, 1941 - The United States occupies Iceland, attempting to thwart a potential invasion by Nazi Germany.
August 14, 1941 - An eight point declaration of principles called the Atlantic Charter, is issued by President Roosevelt and Great Britain Prime Minister Winston Churchill. September 28, 1941 - Ted Williams ends the 1941 season with a .400 batting average, the last player to accomplish that feat.December 7, 1941 - The attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, commences at 7:55 a.m. when Japanese fighter planes launch a surprise attack on United States soil, destroying the U.S. Pacific Fleet docked at the base. This attack, which took the greatest amount of U.S. naval life in history with 1,177 sailor and marines perishing in the attack, as well as the loss or damage to twenty-one naval ships, led to the entry of American troops into World War II. One day later, the United States of America declares war on Japan, officially entering World War II. On December 11, 1941, the United States declares war on Germany and Italy, responding to their declaration of war against America.

The MERCURY sub-period from December 9, 1941 to March 16, 1944. Mercury as 3rd lord of communication, transportation and initiative is placed in the 7th house of foreign affairs. US isolationism was shattered by the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor. President Franklin D. Roosevelt guided the country on the home front, while military leaders commanded the troops abroad, including Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower in Europe, General Douglas MacArthur and Admiral Chester Nimitz in the Pacific. Major US war effort stopping the German advance but pushing back Japan takes longer. A surprise air raid by US on Tokyo on April 18, 1942 boosts allied morale. Medical advancements included the successful use of penicillin by 1941, which revolutionized medicine. Developed first to help the military personnel survive war wounds, it also helped increase survival rates for surgery. Unemployment almost disappeared, as most men were drafted and sent off to war. The government reclassified 55% of their jobs, allowing women and blacks to fill them. First, single women were actively recruited to the workforce. In 1943, with virtually all the single women employed, married women were allowed to work. Japanese immigrants and their descendants, suspected of loyalty to their homelands, were sent to internment camps. Rosie the Riveter was the symbol of the working woman, as the men went off to war and the women were needed to work in the factories. Working mothers, combined with another new phenomenon, the refrigerator, led to the invention of frozen dinners. Ballpoint pens go on sale. After the United States entered World War II, the U.S. Army contracted most of the Disney studio's facilities and had the staff create training and instructional films for the military, home-front morale-boosting shorts. Troops from the United States and other Allied nations land on the beach at Normandy, France in 1944, beginning the western European invasion that would lead to defeat of Nazi Germany.

Notable events during the Mercury sub-period
February 19, 1942 - Executive order 9066 is signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, confining 110,000 Japanese Americans, including 75,000 citizens, on the West Coast into relocation camps during World War II. The remains of the first of these detention camps reside in California's Manzanar National Historic Site. These camps would last for three years.June 4-7, 1942 - The Battle of the Midway is fought at Midway Islands in the Pacific with the Japanese fleet encountering its first major defeat of the war against the United States military. As the Battle of Midway comes to an end on June 7, Japan invades the Aleutian Islands, the first invasion of American soil in 128 years.
June 20, 1942 - The development of the first atomic bomb is signed into agreement between the Prime Minister of Great Britain, Winston Churchill, and President Franklin D. Roosevelt in Hyde Park, New York.
August 7, 1942 - The United States Marines land on Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands in the first American offensive of World War II. A naval battle would commence on November 12 for three days with the U.S. Navy able to retain control despite heavy losses.
November 8, 1942 - North Africa is invaded by United States and Great Britain.
December 2, 1942 - The first nuclear chain reaction is produced at the University of Chicago in the Manhattan Project, creating fission of the Uranium U-235, under the direction of physicists Arthur Compton and Enrico Fermi.
July 1942 - Manzanar War Relocation camp of Japanese detainees during World War II.
February 14, 1943 - The United States encounters its first major defeat in the European theater of World War II at the Battle for Kasserine Pass in Tunisia.
April 13, 1943 - The Jefferson Memorial in Washington, D.C. is dedicated on the 200th anniversary of Thomas Jefferson's birth by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
July 10, 1943 - The United States Army's 45th Infantry Division lands on the island of Sicily, starting the campaign of Allied invasion into Ax-s-controlled Europe. Nine days later, Rome is bombed by Allied forces. The conquest of Sicily would be completed on August 17 when U.S. forces under General Patton and British forces under Field Marshall Montgomery arrive.
June 21, 1943 - Race riots in Detroit and Harlem cause forty deaths and seven hundred injuries.
November 28, 1943 - The Tehran Conference is held for three days, concluding in an agreement between U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet leader Josef Stalin about a planned June 1944 invasion of Europe with the code name Operation Overlord.

The KETU sub-period from March 16, 1944 to February 20, 1945. Ketu, the planet of separation and isolation as well as sudden, explosive events, afflicts the 4th house of fixed assets and communal harmony, as well as the 8th house of obstacles and endings and 12th house of foreign matters and losses. Russia makes strategic advances. The Bretton Woods conference is held in the USA from 1 July to 22 July 1944 with agreements signed to set up the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The first eye bank is established at New York Hospital in 1944.
Notable events during the Ketu sub-periodJune 6, 1944 - The Normandy Invasion, D-Day, occurs when one hundred and fifty-five thousand Allied troops, including American forces and those of eleven other Allied nations (Australia, Belgium, Canada, Czechoslovakia, France, Greece, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, and the United Kingdom). Allied soldiers stormed the beaches of France to begin the World War II invasion of Europe that would lead to the liberation of Paris. Operation Overlord gained footing quickly, pushing through the Atlantic Wall in the largest amphibious military operation in history.
June 22, 1944 - The G.I. Bill of Rights is signed into law, providing benefits to veterans.
July 17, 1944 - The greatest continental U.S. tragedy of World War II occurs when two ships loading ammunition at Port Chicago Naval Weapons Station in California explodes. The accident killed three hundred and twenty people.
July 21, 1944 - The United States military begins to retake the island of Guam after Japanese troops had occupied the island during World War II. The battle would end on August 10.
November 6, 1944 - The last campaign speech of Franklin D. Roosevelt, seeking his fourth term in office, is broadcast from his Hyde Park, New York home. Two days later, Roosevelt would gain that fourth term by a significant, but smaller margin than any of his previous elections, especially in the popular vote where Dewey lost by only three and one half million votes. The Electoral College margin, however, at 432 to 99, insured Roosevelt good footing in prosecution of World War II.
December 18, 1944 - The United States Supreme Court rules in the case of Korematsu vs. the United States, the wartime internment of Japanese Americans on the West Coast was valid during a time of war.
February 3-11, 1945 - President Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill, and Premier Josef Stalin hold the Yalta Conference in the Soviet Union. It is agreed that the USSR will enter the war in the Pacific arena against Japan.
The VENUS sub-period runs from February 20, 1945 to October 22, 1947. Venus is 4th lord of fixed assets and communal harmony. It is badly placed in the 6th house of conflict, health and financial stability. Ketu, the planet of sudden, explosive events afflicts the 4th house, which Venus rules. The 6th house, where Venus resides, is afflicted by Rahu, the planet of manipulation. President Roosevelt dies on April 12, 1945. Mussolini is hanged on April 29. Hitler kills self on April 30. Germany surrenders on May 8, 1945. USA destroys Hiroshima and Nagasaki with atomic bombs in August 1945, an event that confronts humanity with the fact that it has acquired the ability to exterminate life on the planet. WW II ends on August 14, 1945 when Japan surrenders. United Nations is born on October 24, 1945 during a short ceremony at the US State Department in Washington. The International Monetary Fund was formally organized on December 27, 1945, when the first 29 countries signed its Articles of Agreement. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), one of five institutions that comprise the World Bank Group, commences operations on June 25, 1946, with its first loan approved on May 9, 1947. In a major address on June 5, 1947, Secretary of State George Marshall offered American economic aid to promote European recovery and reconstruction, with as a goal to secure the continued function of a market economy in Europe and the political stability of the region. The Servicemen's Readjustment Act, commonly known as the GI Bill of Rights of 1944 allowed more men than ever before to get a college education. Venus as 4th lord rules education and Jupiter is placed in the 5th house of university education. Women had to give up their jobs to the returning men, but they had tasted independence. Venus is badly placed in the 6th house. College became available to the capable rather than the privileged few, enhancing the competitive nature of higher education. Venus is placed in the 6th house of competition. Black pushed for equal status continued. The Supreme Court decided blacks had a right to vote. Ketu, the planet of separation and estrangement, is conjunct the most effective point of the 4th house of communal harmony. George Orwell wrote Animal Farm in 1945, a paean against communism. After the war, the Disney studio recovered enough to continue production on the full-length features, Alice in Wonderland and Peter Pan and began work on Cinderella, which became Disney's second most successful film. Bikinis are introduced. Dr. Spock publishes The Common Book of Baby and Child Care. The microwave oven is invented by American inventor Percy Spencer, while working for the Raytheon Company. The Polaroid Camera is invented. Chuck Yeager breaks the Sound Barrier.

Notable events during the Venus sub-periodFebruary 19, 1945 - Thirty thousand United States Marines land on Iwo Jima. On April 1, American troops invade Okinawa, beginning the Battle of Okinawa, which would continue until June 21.
March 1, 1945 - American troops cross the Rhine River at Remagen, Germany. Two weeks later, on March 18, twelve hundred and fifty U.S. bombers attack Berlin, causing Adolf Hitler to announce the destruction of his own industries and military installations one day later.
April 12, 1945 - President Roosevelt dies, succumbing to a brain hemorrhage; Vice President Harry S. Truman assumes the presidency and role as commander in chief of World War II.
May 7, 1945 - The unconditional surrender of Germany at Reims, France concludes the military engagements of World War II in Europe. It is accepted by General Dwight D. Eisenhower in his role as the commander of Allied troops in the European theater of the war.
July 16, 1945 - The first atomic bomb, the Trinity Test, is exploded at Alamogordo, New Mexico, after its production at Los Alamos.
August 6, 1945 - President Harry S. Truman gives the go-ahead for the use of the atomic bomb with the bombing of Hiroshima. Three days later, the second bomb is dropped on Nagasaki, Japan. On August 15, Emperor Hirohito of Japan surrenders.November 14, 1945 to October 1, 1946 - The Nuremberg Trial takes place where major Nazi leaders are tried for war crimes and the Nazi party, the Gestapo, the SS, the SD, and the SA are declared criminal organizations. Twelve of the highest functionaries of the Third Reich, including Hermann Göring, Joachim von Ribbentrop, Alfred Rosenberg, and Wilhelm Keitel, are condemned by Allied judges to death by hanging; others are given long prison sentences.[5]
January 24, 1946 - The first meeting of the United Nations general assembly occurs after its founding on October 24, 1945 by fifty-one nations, including the Security Council nations of China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the U.S.A. These actions would lead to the disbanding of the League of Nations on April 18, when its mission was transferred to the U.N. April 1, 1946 - Four hundred thousand mine workers begin to strike, with other industries following their lead.
June 6, 1946 - The Basketball Association of America, known as the National Basketball Association (NBA) since 1949 after its merger with the rival National Basketball League, is founded.
July 4, 1946 - The island nation of the Philippines are given their independence by the United States. This ends four hundred and twenty-five years of dominance by the west.
March 15, 1947 - The Truman Doctrine is passed by the U.S. Congress, granting $400 million in aid to Greece and Turkey to battle Communist terrorism. President Harry S. Truman implements the act on May 22.
April 2, 1947 - The United Nations Security Council unanimously approves the trusteeship of Pacific Islands formerly controlled by Japan to the United States.
April 15, 1947 - Jackie Robinson breaks Major League Baseball's barrier against colored players when he debuts at first base for Branch Rickey's Brooklyn DodgersApril 25, 1947 - Theodore Roosevelt National Park is established by President Harry Truman along the Little Missouri River and scenic badlands of North Dakota.
June 5, 1947 - Secretary of State George C. Marshall proposes aid extension to European nations for war recovery, known as the Marshall Plan, which would lead to Congressional approval of $12 billion over the following four years.
June 20, 1947 - President Harry S. Truman vetoes the Taft-Hartley Labor Act that would have curbed strikes, only to be overridden by Congress on June 23.
The SUN sub-period from October 22, 1947 to August 9, 1948. The Sun is 2nd lord of wealth and status. Its placement in the most effective point of the 7th house of foreign policy, aspecting the 1st house of self, makes the USA a world power. During this sub-period, following World War II, the USA becomes the leader of the “free world”. The USA organizes economic and military resources at home and around the world to combat Communism, including the founding of international organizations. On April 3, 1948, President Truman signs the Marshall Plan into law, establishing the Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA) to administer the program. The ECA formally began operation in July 1948. The Marshall Plan aid is mostly used for the purchase of goods from the United States. The European nations had all but exhausted their foreign exchange reserves during the war, and the Marshall Plan aid represented almost their sole means of importing goods from abroad. After winning World War II, the US government set out to stabilize the countries most affected by the war according to its vision. Truman Doctrine is a set of principles of U.S. foreign policy laid out by President Harry S Truman in a speech to Congress on March 12, 1947. Truman declared that the United States, as "leader of the free world", must support democracy worldwide and fight against communism. The plan involved containment of Soviet communism and the Marshall plan for reconstruction of Europe after WW II, was its soft side. The plan developed at a meeting of the participating European states in June 5, 1947 began operations in April 1948 which lasted for four years. The US breaks the Soviet blockade of Berlin, which lasted from 24 June 1948 to 12 May 1949, by airlifting supplies to the city. The Berlin Blockade was one of the first major international crises of the Cold War. The National Security Act of 1947, which took effect on September 18, 1947, merged the Department of War and the Department of the Navy into the National Military Establishment, later renamed as the Department of Defense. The Organization of American States founded in May 1948. Under US leadership, the OAS pledged to fight communism in America. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which is the foundation of the World Trade Organization (WTO), is founded on October 30, 1947. The World Health Organization is established by the United Nations on April 7, 1948. In Leaders of the Communist Party USA were indicted under the Smith Act July 20, 1948. All of these developments are linked to the strong Sun, but also highlight the influence of the 6th lord Jupiter on the 1st lord Moon in the SAMVA USA chart. This aspect of the major period lord, bringing a fixity of determination to the expression of US ideals in the world, was brought to the fore in the national and international life. In 1947 the House Un-American Activities Committee launched an investigation into Communist influence on the motion picture industry. The first systematic Hollywood blacklist was instituted on November 25, 1947, the day after ten writers and directors were cited for contempt of Congress for refusing to give testimony to the Committee. The center of the western art world shifted from Paris to New York. US played an important part in the creation of Israel.

Notable events during the Sun sub-period
April 1, 1948 - The Soviet Union begins its land blockade of the Allied sectors of Berlin, Germany. A counter blockade by the west was put into effect, as well as a British and U.S. airlift of supplies and food, until both blockades were lifted on September 30, 1949.
April 30, 1948 - The Organization of American States was founded by twenty-one nations to provide a mutual security pact after World War II. Founding nations were Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Columbia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, the United States, Uruguay, and Venezuela.
July 26, 1948 - Executive Order 9981, ending segregation in the United States military in signed into effect by President Harry S. Truman.
The MOON sub-period from August 9, 1948 to December 9, 1949. The Moon is 1st lord of self placed in the 11th house of ideals, income and friends. It is aspected by Jupiter as 6th lord of conflict and health, but also as general indicator of religion and expansion, placed in the 5th house. Moon is also aspected by a strong Mars as 10th lord of government and foreign trade but also the general indicator of the military and athletes, also placed in the 5th house. This aspect gives great fame to the USA. At the start of the Marshall plan, during the Moon sub-period, the imports from the USA are mainly much-needed staples such as food and fuel. A critical distinction between the USSR and the USA was that the USSR subjugated defeated countries, whereas the US helped war-torn countries to rebuild and rejoin the world economy. Moon is aspected by Jupiter as 6th lord. Disputes over ideology and control led to the Cold War. Communism was treated as a contagious disease, and anyone who had contact with it was under suspicion. As the Jupiter period progressed and the United States and the USSR emerged as the new super powers, the ground was laid for the Cold War of the Saturn period, with its space race and the panacea of steady economic growth. The Soviet Union acquires the atomic bomb. First Non-Stop Flight Around the World. George Orwell Publishes Nineteen Eight-Four. NATO is established. The boom years of movies faded with the advent of television in 1948. At the end of the war, only 5,000 television sets, with five inch black & white screens, were in American homes. By 1951, 17 million had been sold. Computers were developed during the early forties. The digital computer, named ENIAC, weighing 30 tons and standing two stories high, was completed in 1945. George Orwell wrote Nineteen Eighty-Four in 1949, a warning about the dangers of totalitarianism. It coincided with the effort to blacklist artists.

Notable events during the Moon sub-period
November 2, 1948 - President Harry S. Truman rallies from behind, capturing his first president election from the supposed winner Thomas E. Dewey, the governor of New York. Headlines in national newspapers had overtly announced a Dewey victory, only to be proven wrong. Truman won the Electoral College vote with 303 to Dewey's 189, with Strom Thurmond, running as the States' Rights candidate, receiving 39 Electoral votes. Truman won the election with less than 50% of the popular votes, with additional candidate, Henry Wallace, siphoning off over one million votes in the four man race.
December 15, 1948 - Alger Hiss, former State Department official, is indicted for perjury in connection to denials of passing state secrets to a communist spy ring. He would be convicted of the conspiracy on January 21, 1950 and receive a five year sentence.
March 2, 1949 - Captain James Gallagher lands the B-50 Lucky Lady II in Texas after completing the first around-the-world non-stop airplane flight. It was refueled four times in flight.
June 29, 1949 - United States withdraws its troops from Korea.
April 4, 1949 - NATO, the North American Treaty Organization, is formed by the United States, Canada, and ten Western European nations (Belgium, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, United Kingdom). The treaty stated that any attack against one nation would be considered an attack against them all.
October 7, 1949 - Tokyo Rose, the femme fatale of Japanese war broadcasts, was sentenced to ten years in prison. She would be paroled in 1956 and pardoned in 1977.
October 14, 1949 - Eleven leaders of the United States Communist party are convicted of advocating a violent insurrection and overthrow of the U.S. government. The Supreme Court would uphold the convictions on June 4, 1951.

The MARS sub-period from December 9, 1949 to November 15, 1950. Mars is the general indicator of athletes, police and soldiers as well as industry. It is the lord of the 10th house, of the executive and foreign trade. It is placed in the 5th house of creativity and higher education. During the Mars period, Marshall aid purchases turn towards reconstruction needs as was originally intended. The GI Bill resulted in three times as many college degrees being conferred in 1949 as in 1940. The first Modern Credit Card is introduced. The first organ transplant takes place. First "Peanuts" cartoon strip is published. The Korean War begins. Senator Joseph McCarthy begins Communist witch hunt. U.S. President Truman orders construction of hydrogen bomb.
Notable events during the Mars sub-periodJanuary 14, 1950 - The United States recalls all consular officials from China after the seizure of the American consul general in Peking.
January 17, 1950 - The Brinks robbery in Boston occurs when eleven masked bandits steal $2.8 million from an armored car outside their express office.June 25, 1950 - The Korean War begins its three year conflict when troops of North Korea, backed with Soviet weaponry, invade South Korea. This act leads to U.S. involvement when two days later, the United States Air Force and Navy are ordered by President Truman to the peninsula. On June 30, ground forces and air strikes are approved against North Korea. Photo above right: Bombs drop from the lead plane on the 150th mission in the Korean War of the U.S. 19th Bomber Group of the Far East Air Force. Photo: U.S. Department of Defense.
June 27, 1950 - Thirty-five military advisors are sent to South Vietnam to give military and economic aid to the anti-Communist government.
The RAHU sub-period from November 15, 1950 to April 9, 1953. Rahu is the planet of manipulation and deception. It also rules industries having to do with smoking and intoxicants. In the latter years, under pressure from the United States Congress and with the outbreak of the Korean War, an increasing amount of the Marshall aid was spent on rebuilding the militaries of Western Europe. Color TV was introduced. Truman Signed Peace Treaty with Japan, officially ending WWII. Car seat belts are introduced. The Great Smog of 1952. Polio vaccine is created.

Notable events during the Rahu sub-periodNovember 26, 1950 - United Nations forces retreat south toward the 38th parallel when Chinese Communist forces open a counteroffensive in the Korean War. This action halted any thought of a quick resolution to the conflict. On December 8, 1950, shipments to Communist China are banned by the United States.
February 28, 1951 - Preliminary report from the Senator Estes Kefauver investigation that had begun on May 11, 1950 into organized crime issued, stating that gambling take was in excess of $20 billion per year.
March 29, 1951 - Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were found guilty of conspiracy of wartime espionage and sentenced to death. Morton Sobell was also convicted of the crime and sentenced to thirty years in prison.
September 1, 1951 - The United States, Australia, and New Zealand sign a mutual security pact, the ANZUS Treaty.
September 4, 1951 - The inauguration of trans-continental television occurs with the broadcast of President Truman's speech at the Japanese Peace Treaty Conference in San Francisco. The treaty would be signed on September 8 by the U.S., Japan, and forty-seven other nations.
December 12, 1951 - Richard Buckminster Fuller patents the Geodesic Dome. The dome building, under his design, would be utilized in many futuristic constructions, particularly by Fuller in world exhibitions, such as his famous United States Pavilion at the Montreal World's Fair of 1967.
April 8, 1952 - President Truman authorizes the seizure of United States steel mills in order to avert a strike, but his action is ruled illegal by the U.S. Supreme Court on June 2.
February 14, 1952 - The 1952 Winter Olympics games open in Helsinki, Finland with thirty participating nations. During these games, the first triple jump in figure skating history is performed by Dick Button, who won one of the four gold medals gained by U.S. athletes.
November 1, 1952 - At Eniwetok Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, the first hydrogen bomb, named Mike, is exploded. On January 7, President Harry S. Truman announces the development of the H-Bomb.
November 1952 - General Dwight D. Eisenhower, a newcomer to politics, but popular due to his role in winning World War II as European commander, gains as easy victory over Democratic challenger Adlai E. Stevenson. The Electoral College vote was 442 to 89.

Conclusion
There are no ifs, ands or buts, the Jupiter period in the SAMVA USA chart explains the events in the national life of Americans to a degree of accuracy that is stunning. The Rahu period that preceded it and the Saturn period that succeded it, also fit very well. This is yet more evidence for the veracity of the claim made that the true birth moment of the USA occurred when Maryland became the 13th and final state to pass an act to ratify the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union at 5:00PM on Friday, February 2, 1781 in Annapolis.
References[1] Timeline of US historical events
http://americasbesthistory.com/abhtimeline1950.html
[2] Classical Hollywood cinema
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Hollywood_cinema
[3]The War of the Worlds
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_War_of_the_Worlds_(radio)
[4] Further information about Orson Welles broadcast
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/US_history_events/message/278
[5] Nueremberg Trials
http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/sub_image.cfm?image_id=1011